KeeLoq: Basics - Revision history

NKirnbauer at 17:32, 22 October 2024

2024-10-22T17:32:38Z

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	== Further Documentation==		== Further Documentation==
	[[KeeLoq: Attacks]]		[[KeeLoq: Attacks and Example]]

NKirnbauer at 17:31, 22 October 2024

2024-10-22T17:31:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:31, 22 October 2024
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	[[Category:~~Documentation~~]]		[[Category:Basics]]

NKirnbauer: merging similar articles

2024-10-22T17:29:27Z

merging similar articles

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 * Kaiju Gate Openers Pack (Pro License)
-KeeLoq is a lightweight block cipher owned by Microchip and it was invented in the 1980’s at the South-African company Nanoteq Ltd.
+== Introduction ==
-Keeloq is implemented in a wide range of security applications. It is widely used as a remote key-less entry system. A remote keyless entry is an electronic access system that can be controlled from the distance, which means remote.
+KeeLoq is a lightweight block cipher owned by Microchip and it was invented in the 1980’s at the South-African company Nanoteq Ltd by Frederick Bruwer (uni-directional command transfer protocol), Gideon Kuhn (cryptographic algorithm) and Willem Smit (silicon implementation). Keeloq is implemented in a wide range of security applications. It is widely used as a remote key-less entry system. A remote keyless entry is an electronic access system that can be controlled from the distance, which means remote. The specifications of KeeLoq are patented and can only be used under license. In November 1995 Microchip Technology Inc. acquired the KeeLoq code hopping technology patents along with the worldwide marketing rights. Typical applications for the KeeLoq encoders and decoders include remote keyless entry (RKE) systems, alarm systems, immobilizers, car alarms, garage door openers, burglar alarms, secure communications such as in smoke/carbon monoxide/radon detectors, remote-control toys, model cars/airplanes, appliances, identity tokens and tracking of parts/packages. Also allows KeeLoq block cipher a low cost hardware implementation with low power consumption. Having such a broad field of application, also mainly in security related topics, KeeLoq became interesting for researchers, as well criminals all over the world. After releasing implementation details on a Russian website in 2006, first successful attacks on the algorithm are published in 2007, were the weakness of self similarity of the key schedule, combined with a quite short key length, allowed to mount a slide attack.
 === Registers ===
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 [[File:IFF.png | 400px]]
-== Used Hardware ==
+== Further Documentation==
 == References ==
 * https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/Remote-keyless-entry-RKE
 * Nicolas T. Courtois. Self-similarity attacks on block ciphers and application to keeloq. In Cryptography and Security: From Theory to Applications, pages 55–66, 2012. 17, 18

NKirnbauer: NKirnbauer moved page KeeLoq to KeeLoq: Basics

2024-10-22T17:24:16Z

NKirnbauer moved page KeeLoq to KeeLoq: Basics

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:24, 22 October 2024
(No difference)

MLindner at 20:22, 8 January 2024

2024-01-08T20:22:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:22, 8 January 2024
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	* Tomasz Rachwalik, Janusz Szmidt, Robert Wicik, and Janusz Zab locki. Generation of nonlinear feedback shift registers with special-purpose hardware. In 2012 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MCC), pages 1–4, 2012. 3, 26		* Tomasz Rachwalik, Janusz Szmidt, Robert Wicik, and Janusz Zab locki. Generation of nonlinear feedback shift registers with special-purpose hardware. In 2012 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MCC), pages 1–4, 2012. 3, 26
	* Christian Toma. Introduction to ultimate keeloq® technology. In Microchip, AN1683, pages 2–17. 7, 8		* Christian Toma. Introduction to ultimate keeloq® technology. In Microchip, AN1683, pages 2–17. 7, 8
	* ~~Kobus Marneweck~~. ~~An introduction to keeloq® code hopping~~. ~~Microchip~~		* Yue-li Hu, Yan Zhang, and Bin Sun. Design of rke system based on keeloq encryption technology. In 2009 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence, volume 1, pages 324–327, 2009.
	~~App Notes~~, ~~https://bit~~. ~~ly/3BVV5qs, 1996~~


	[[Category:Documentation]]		[[Category:Documentation]]

MLindner at 20:21, 8 January 2024

2024-01-08T20:21:22Z

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	When hopping code is used, the code transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver is unique every time.		When hopping code is used, the code transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver is unique every time.
	At the core of this code hopping technology is a counter that increments with each button press.		At the core of this code hopping technology is a counter that increments with each button press. The so-called Avalance Effect, which is satisfied when altering a single input bit results in modifying at least half of the output bits, helps generate individually unique signals.
	The en- and the decoder share a 16-bit synchronized counter value and a		The en- and the decoder share a 16-bit synchronized counter value and a
	64-bit symmetric key. The encoder encrypts the next counter value for authentication and sends it afterwards to the decoder.		64-bit symmetric key. The encoder encrypts the next counter value for authentication and sends it afterwards to the decoder.
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	* Tomasz Rachwalik, Janusz Szmidt, Robert Wicik, and Janusz Zab locki. Generation of nonlinear feedback shift registers with special-purpose hardware. In 2012 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MCC), pages 1–4, 2012. 3, 26		* Tomasz Rachwalik, Janusz Szmidt, Robert Wicik, and Janusz Zab locki. Generation of nonlinear feedback shift registers with special-purpose hardware. In 2012 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MCC), pages 1–4, 2012. 3, 26
	* Christian Toma. Introduction to ultimate keeloq® technology. In Microchip, AN1683, pages 2–17. 7, 8		* Christian Toma. Introduction to ultimate keeloq® technology. In Microchip, AN1683, pages 2–17. 7, 8
			* Kobus Marneweck. An introduction to keeloq® code hopping. Microchip
			App Notes, https://bit. ly/3BVV5qs, 1996


	[[Category:Documentation]]		[[Category:Documentation]]

NFeurhuber at 06:08, 10 January 2023

2023-01-10T06:08:49Z

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	#Encryption of the synchronization counter, discrimination value and button information		#Encryption of the synchronization counter, discrimination value and button information
	#Encryption using Hopping Code, thereby this code portion will change every transmission.		#Encryption using Hopping Code, thereby this code portion will change every transmission.
			[[File:Encoder.png \| 400px]]

	Decoder Operation:		Decoder Operation:
	#Learn and store information: Check value of the serial number, encoder decryption key, current synchronization counter value, manufacturer’s code. If two nonsequential codes were received or if two codes were not decoded within 30 seconds, the learning will be terminated. To enter the learning sequence, the transmitter is activated two times. After the learning a learn-status-string will be transmitted.		#Learn and store information: Check value of the serial number, encoder decryption key, current synchronization counter value, manufacturer’s code. If two nonsequential codes were received or if two codes were not decoded within 30 seconds, the learning will be terminated. To enter the learning sequence, the transmitter is activated two times. After the learning a learn-status-string will be transmitted.
			[[File:Learning Sequence.png \| 400px]]
	#Validation: For the validation, wait for the transmission, check the serial number, and compare it to determine if the transmitter is already learned.		#Validation: For the validation, wait for the transmission, check the serial number, and compare it to determine if the transmitter is already learned.
			[[File:Validation.png \| 400px]]

	Synchronization of Encoder and Decoder:		Synchronization of Encoder and Decoder:
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	The main processor accepts the new module as compatible (authenticated) if the formula which is used in the replaceable module is correct.		The main processor accepts the new module as compatible (authenticated) if the formula which is used in the replaceable module is correct.
	The Keeloq IFF is based on the block cipher which is a 64-bit key encryption engine and on the 32-bit data blocks, which are represented as challenge and response.		The Keeloq IFF is based on the block cipher which is a 64-bit key encryption engine and on the 32-bit data blocks, which are represented as challenge and response.

			[[File:IFF.png \| 400px]]

	=== Pentesting with PandwaRF Rogue Pro and Kaiju Gate Openers Pack ===		=== Pentesting with PandwaRF Rogue Pro and Kaiju Gate Openers Pack ===

NFeurhuber at 08:55, 8 January 2023

2023-01-08T08:55:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:55, 8 January 2023
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	* PandwaRF Rogue Pro		* PandwaRF Rogue Pro
	* PandwaRF App for Android (~~actual~~ Android Version)		* PandwaRF App for Android (updated Android Version)
	* Kaiju Gate Openers Pack (Pro License)		* Kaiju Gate Openers Pack (Pro License)

NFeurhuber at 08:45, 8 January 2023

2023-01-08T08:45:05Z

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	#It might come to a desynchronization between encoder and decoder because the encoder can transmit while being out-of-range of the decoder.		#It might come to a desynchronization between encoder and decoder because the encoder can transmit while being out-of-range of the decoder.
	#To counteract against this eventualities, different ranges of counter values are defined by the counter.		#To counteract against this eventualities, different ranges of counter values are defined by the counter.
			[[File:Window Hopping Code.png \| 400px]]
	* In blocked Window the decoder does not perform anything because the decoder rejects the transmission.		* In blocked Window the decoder does not perform anything because the decoder rejects the transmission.
	* In resynchronization window the decoder stores the value and waits for the value increased by one.		* In resynchronization window the decoder stores the value and waits for the value increased by one.

NFeurhuber at 08:26, 8 January 2023

2023-01-08T08:26:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:26, 8 January 2023
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	#It might come to a desynchronization between encoder and decoder because the encoder can transmit while being out-of-range of the decoder.		#It might come to a desynchronization between encoder and decoder because the encoder can transmit while being out-of-range of the decoder.
	#To counteract against this eventualities, different ranges of counter values are defined by the counter.		#To counteract against this eventualities, different ranges of counter values are defined by the counter.
	~~[[File:Hopping Code Window.png \| 200px]]~~
	* In blocked Window the decoder does not perform anything because the decoder rejects the transmission.		* In blocked Window the decoder does not perform anything because the decoder rejects the transmission.
	* In resynchronization window the decoder stores the value and waits for the value increased by one.		* In resynchronization window the decoder stores the value and waits for the value increased by one.
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	* https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/Remote-keyless-entry-RKE		* https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/Remote-keyless-entry-RKE
			* Nicolas T. Courtois. Self-similarity attacks on block ciphers and application to keeloq. In Cryptography and Security: From Theory to Applications, pages 55–66, 2012. 17, 18
			* Steven Dawson. Code hopping decoder using a pic16c56. In Microchip, AN661, pages 2–6. 13
			* Lucio Di Jasio. Using keeloq® to validate subsystem compatibility. In Microchip, AN827, pages 1–4. 14, 15, 26
			* Sushil Jajodia Henk C.A. van Tilborg. Keeloq. In Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security, page 671–673, 2011. 1, 2
			* Sushil Jajodia Henk C.A. van Tilborg. Keeloq. In Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security, pages 846–848, 2011. 4
			* Microchip. Keeloq® code hopping decoder. In Microchip, HCS515, pages 2–6. 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 26
			* Microchip. Keeloq® code hopping encoder. In Microchip, HCS301, pages 4–16. 7, 8, 9, 13, 26
			* Oleksandr Potii, Nikolay Poluyanenko, Igor Stelnyk, Iryna Revak, Sergii Kavun, and Tetiana Kuznetsova. Nonlinear-feedback shift registers for stream ciphers. In 2019 IEEE 2nd Ukraine Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (UKRCON), pages 906–911, 2019. 3
			* Tomasz Rachwalik, Janusz Szmidt, Robert Wicik, and Janusz Zab locki. Generation of nonlinear feedback shift registers with special-purpose hardware. In 2012 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MCC), pages 1–4, 2012. 3, 26
			* Christian Toma. Introduction to ultimate keeloq® technology. In Microchip, AN1683, pages 2–17. 7, 8


	[[Category:Documentation]]		[[Category:Documentation]]